discernment vs caution

discernment and caution both are nouns.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
discernment	Yes	No	No	No
caution	Yes	No	Yes	No

As nouns, caution is a hyponym of discernment; that is, caution is a word with a more specific, narrower meaning than discernment:

Other hyponyms of discernment include circumspection, prudence.

discernment (noun)	caution (noun)
the trait of judging wisely and objectively	the trait of being cautious; being attentive to possible danger
the mental ability to understand and discriminate between relations	the trait of being circumspect and prudent
the cognitive condition of someone who understands	judiciousness in avoiding harm or danger
perception of that which is obscure	a warning against certain acts
delicate discrimination (especially of esthetic values)

discernment (verb)	caution (verb)
	warn strongly; put on guard