dissent vs take issue

dissent is a noun but take issue is not a noun.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
dissent	Yes	No	Yes	No
take issue	No	No	Yes	No

As verbs, take issue is a hypernym of dissent; that is, take issue is a word with a broader meaning than dissent:

Other hypernyms of dissent include differ, disagree, dissent.

As verbs, dissent and take issue are synonyms defined as:

Other synonyms of dissent include differ, disagree.

dissent (noun)	take issue (noun)
the act of protesting; a public (often organized) manifestation of dissent
(law) the difference of one judge's opinion from that of the majority
a difference of opinion

dissent (verb)	take issue (verb)
withhold assent	be of different opinions
be of different opinions
express opposition through action or words