freeman vs adult female

freeman and adult female both are nouns.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
freeman	Yes	No	No	No
adult female	Yes	No	No	No

As nouns, adult female is a hypernym of freeman; that is, adult female is a word with a broader meaning than freeman:

Other hypernyms of freeman include freeperson, woman.

freeman (noun)	adult female (noun)
a male person who is not a serf or a slave	an adult female person (as opposed to a man)