golf club vs club

golf club and club both are nouns.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
golf club	Yes	No	No	No
club	Yes	No	Yes	No

As nouns, golf club and club are synonyms defined as:

Other synonyms of golf club include golf-club, golfclub.

As nouns, club is a hypernym of golf club; that is, club is a word with a broader meaning than golf club:

Other hypernyms of golf club include gild, guild, lodge, order, social club, society.

golf club (noun)	club (noun)
golf equipment used by a golfer to hit a golf ball	stout stick that is larger at one end
a club of people to play golf	golf equipment used by a golfer to hit a golf ball
	a building that is occupied by a social club
	a playing card in the minor suit that has one or more black trefoils on it
	a spot that is open late at night and that provides entertainment (as singers or dancers) as well as dancing and food and drink
	a formal association of people with similar interests
	a team of professional baseball players who play and travel together

golf club (verb)	club (verb)
	strike with a club or a bludgeon
	gather into a club-like mass
	gather and spend time together
	unite with a common purpose