insult vs offend

insult is a noun but offend is not a noun.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
insult	Yes	No	Yes	No
offend	No	No	Yes	No

As verbs, offend is a hypernym of insult; that is, offend is a word with a broader meaning than insult:

Other hypernyms of insult include bruise, hurt, injure, spite, wound.

insult (noun)	offend (noun)
a deliberately offensive act or something producing the effect of deliberate disrespect
a rude expression intended to offend or hurt

insult (verb)	offend (verb)
treat, mention, or speak to rudely	hurt the feelings of
	cause to feel resentment or indignation
	strike with disgust or revulsion
	act in disregard of laws, rules, contracts, or promises