jacket vs garment

jacket and garment both are nouns.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
jacket	Yes	No	Yes	No
garment	Yes	No	Yes	No

As verbs, garment is a hypernym of jacket; that is, garment is a word with a broader meaning than jacket:

Other hypernyms of jacket include apparel, clothe, dress, enclothe, fit out, garb, habilitate, raiment, tog.

jacket (noun)	garment (noun)
a short coat	an article of clothing
an outer wrapping or casing
(dentistry) dental appliance consisting of an artificial crown for a broken or decayed tooth
the tough metal shell casing for certain kinds of ammunition
the outer skin of a potato

jacket (verb)	garment (verb)
put a jacket on	provide with clothes or put clothes on
provide with a thermally non-conducting cover