maiden vs damsel

maiden and damsel both are nouns.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
maiden	Yes	Yes	No	No
damsel	Yes	No	No	No

As nouns, damsel is a hyponym of maiden; that is, damsel is a word with a more specific, narrower meaning than maiden:

Other hyponyms of maiden include damoiselle, damosel, damozel, demoiselle.

maiden (noun)	damsel (noun)
an unmarried girl (especially a virgin)	a young unmarried woman
(cricket) an over in which no runs are scored

maiden (adjective)	damsel (adjective)
serving to set in motion