old woman vs golden ager

old woman and golden ager both are nouns.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
old woman	Yes	No	No	No
golden ager	Yes	No	No	No

As nouns, golden ager is a hypernym of old woman; that is, golden ager is a word with a broader meaning than old woman:

Other hypernyms of old woman include old person, oldster, senior citizen, adult female, woman.

old woman (noun)	golden ager (noun)
a woman who is old	an elderly person
herb with greyish leaves found along the east coast of North America; used as an ornamental plant