old woman vs mother

old woman and mother both are nouns.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
old woman	Yes	No	No	No
mother	Yes	No	Yes	No

As nouns, mother is a hyponym of old woman; that is, mother is a word with a more specific, narrower meaning than old woman:

Other hyponyms of old woman include beldam, beldame, granny, beldam, beldame, crone, hag, witch.

old woman (noun)	mother (noun)
a woman who is old	a condition that is the inspiration for an activity or situation
herb with greyish leaves found along the east coast of North America; used as an ornamental plant	a woman who has given birth to a child (also used as a term of address to your mother)
	a term of address for a mother superior
	a term of address for an elderly woman
	a stringy slimy substance consisting of yeast cells and bacteria; forms during fermentation and is added to cider or wine to produce vinegar

old woman (verb)	mother (verb)
	make (offspring) by reproduction
	care for like a mother