pass judgment vs judge

pass judgment is not a noun while judge is a noun.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
pass judgment	No	No	Yes	No
judge	Yes	No	Yes	No

As verbs, pass judgment and judge are synonyms defined as:

Other synonyms of pass judgment include evaluate.

pass judgment (noun)	judge (noun)
	a public official authorized to decide questions brought before a court of justice
	an authority who is able to estimate worth or quality

pass judgment (verb)	judge (verb)
form a critical opinion of	form a critical opinion of
	judge tentatively or form an estimate of (quantities or time)
	determine the result of (a competition)
	pronounce judgment on
	put on trial or hear a case and sit as the judge at the trial of