pentose vs simple sugar

pentose and simple sugar both are nouns.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
pentose	Yes	No	No	No
simple sugar	Yes	No	No	No

As nouns, simple sugar is a hypernym of pentose; that is, simple sugar is a word with a broader meaning than pentose:

pentose: any monosaccharide sugar containing five atoms of carbon per molecule
simple sugar: a sugar (like sucrose or fructose) that does not hydrolyse to give other sugars; the simplest group of carbohydrates

Other hypernyms of pentose include monosaccharide, monosaccharose.

pentose (noun)	simple sugar (noun)
any monosaccharide sugar containing five atoms of carbon per molecule	a sugar (like sucrose or fructose) that does not hydrolyse to give other sugars; the simplest group of carbohydrates