pole jumper vs pole vaulter

pole jumper and pole vaulter both are nouns.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
pole jumper	Yes	No	No	No
pole vaulter	Yes	No	No	No

As nouns, pole jumper and pole vaulter are synonyms defined as:

pole jumper and pole vaulter: an athlete who jumps over a high crossbar with the aid of a long pole

Other synonyms of pole jumper include vaulter.

pole jumper (noun)	pole vaulter (noun)
an athlete who jumps over a high crossbar with the aid of a long pole	an athlete who jumps over a high crossbar with the aid of a long pole