prophetess vs adult female

prophetess and adult female both are nouns.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
prophetess	Yes	No	No	No
adult female	Yes	No	No	No

As nouns, adult female is a hypernym of prophetess; that is, adult female is a word with a broader meaning than prophetess:

Other hypernyms of prophetess include oracle, prophesier, prophet, seer, vaticinator, woman.

prophetess (noun)	adult female (noun)
a woman prophet	an adult female person (as opposed to a man)