ruin vs desolation

ruin and desolation both are nouns.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
ruin	Yes	No	Yes	No
desolation	Yes	No	No	No

As nouns, desolation is a hyponym of ruin; that is, desolation is a word with a more specific, narrower meaning than ruin:

Other hyponyms of ruin include devastation, shipwreck.

As nouns, desolation is a hypernym of ruin; that is, desolation is a word with a broader meaning than ruin:

Other hypernyms of ruin include devastation.

ruin (noun)	desolation (noun)
destruction achieved by causing something to be wrecked or ruined	an event that results in total destruction
a ruined building	sadness resulting from being forsaken or abandoned
an event that results in destruction	the state of being decayed or destroyed
failure that results in a loss of position or reputation	a bleak and desolate atmosphere
the process of becoming dilapidated
an irrecoverable state of devastation and destruction

ruin (verb)	desolation (verb)
fall into ruin
destroy completely; damage irreparably
reduce to ruins
deprive of virginity
reduce to bankruptcy
destroy or cause to fail