subclavian artery vs arteria

subclavian artery and arteria both are nouns.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
subclavian artery	Yes	No	No	No
arteria	Yes	No	No	No

As nouns, arteria is a hypernym of subclavian artery; that is, arteria is a word with a broader meaning than subclavian artery:

subclavian artery: either of two arteries that supply blood to the neck and arms
arteria: a blood vessel that carries blood from the heart to the body

Other hypernyms of subclavian artery include arterial blood vessel, artery.

subclavian artery (noun)	arteria (noun)
either of two arteries that supply blood to the neck and arms	a blood vessel that carries blood from the heart to the body