understand vs translate

understand and translate both are verbs.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
understand	No	No	Yes	No
translate	No	No	Yes	No

As verbs, translate is a hyponym of understand; that is, translate is a word with a more specific, narrower meaning than understand:

As verbs, understand and translate are synonyms defined as:

Other synonyms of understand include interpret, read.

understand (verb)	translate (verb)
know and comprehend the nature or meaning of	change the position of (figures or bodies) in space without rotation
perceive (an idea or situation) mentally	change from one form or medium into another
believe to be the case	make sense of a language
make sense of a language	restate (words) from one language into another language
be understanding of	determine the amino-acid sequence of a protein during its synthesis by using information on the messenger RNA
	express, as in simple and less technical language
	bring to a certain spiritual state
	subject to movement in which every part of the body moves parallel to and the same distance as every other point on the body
	be translatable, or be translatable in a certain way
	be equivalent in effect