artery vs arteria

artery and arteria both are nouns.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
artery	Yes	No	No	No
arteria	Yes	No	No	No

As nouns, artery and arteria are synonyms defined as:

artery and arteria: a blood vessel that carries blood from the heart to the body

Other synonyms of artery include arterial blood vessel.

artery (noun)	arteria (noun)
a major thoroughfare that bears important traffic	a blood vessel that carries blood from the heart to the body
a blood vessel that carries blood from the heart to the body