caryophyllaceous plant vs herb

caryophyllaceous plant and herb both are nouns.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
caryophyllaceous plant	Yes	No	No	No
herb	Yes	No	No	No

As nouns, herb is a hypernym of caryophyllaceous plant; that is, herb is a word with a broader meaning than caryophyllaceous plant:

caryophyllaceous plant: a plant of the family Caryophyllaceae
herb: a plant lacking a permanent woody stem; many are flowering garden plants or potherbs; some having medicinal properties; some are pests

Other hypernyms of caryophyllaceous plant include herbaceous plant.

caryophyllaceous plant (noun)	herb (noun)
a plant of the family Caryophyllaceae	aromatic potherb used in cookery for its savory qualities
	a plant lacking a permanent woody stem; many are flowering garden plants or potherbs; some having medicinal properties; some are pests