desolate vs ruin

desolate is not a noun while ruin is a noun.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
desolate	No	Yes	Yes	No
ruin	Yes	No	Yes	No

As verbs, ruin is a hypernym of desolate; that is, ruin is a word with a broader meaning than desolate:

Other hypernyms of desolate include destroy.

As verbs, ruin is a hyponym of desolate; that is, ruin is a word with a more specific, narrower meaning than desolate:

desolate (noun)	ruin (noun)
	destruction achieved by causing something to be wrecked or ruined
	a ruined building
	an event that results in destruction
	failure that results in a loss of position or reputation
	the process of becoming dilapidated
	an irrecoverable state of devastation and destruction

desolate (adjective)	ruin (adjective)
crushed by grief
providing no shelter or sustenance

desolate (verb)	ruin (verb)
reduce in population	fall into ruin
cause extensive destruction or ruin utterly	destroy completely; damage irreparably
leave someone who needs or counts on you; leave in the lurch	reduce to ruins
	deprive of virginity
	reduce to bankruptcy
	destroy or cause to fail