distance vs gauge

distance and gauge both are nouns.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
distance	Yes	No	Yes	No
gauge	Yes	No	Yes	No

As nouns, gauge is a hyponym of distance; that is, gauge is a word with a more specific, narrower meaning than distance:

distance: size of the gap between two places
gauge: the distance between the rails of a railway or between the wheels of a train

Other hyponyms of distance include leg, arm's length, light time, skip distance, wingspan, wingspread, wingspread, altitude.

distance (noun)	gauge (noun)
the property created by the space between two objects or points	a measuring instrument for measuring and indicating a quantity such as the thickness of wire or the amount of rain etc.
size of the gap between two places	the distance between the rails of a railway or between the wheels of a train
indifference by personal withdrawal	the thickness of wire
a distant region	diameter of a tube or gun barrel
the interval between two times	accepted or approved instance or example of a quantity or quality against which others are judged or measured or compared
a remote point in time

distance (verb)	gauge (verb)
go far ahead of	measure precisely and against a standard
keep at a distance	adapt to a specified measurement
	mix in specific proportions
	judge tentatively or form an estimate of (quantities or time)
	determine the capacity, volume, or contents of by measurement and calculation
	rub to a uniform size