gauge vs measure

gauge and measure both are nouns.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
gauge	Yes	No	Yes	No
measure	Yes	No	Yes	No

As nouns, measure is a hypernym of gauge; that is, measure is a word with a broader meaning than gauge:

gauge: accepted or approved instance or example of a quantity or quality against which others are judged or measured or compared
measure: a basis for comparison; a reference point against which other things can be evaluated

Other hypernyms of gauge include criterion, standard, touchstone.

As verbs, measure is a hypernym of gauge; that is, measure is a word with a broader meaning than gauge:

Other hypernyms of gauge include quantify.

gauge (noun)	measure (noun)
a measuring instrument for measuring and indicating a quantity such as the thickness of wire or the amount of rain etc.	how much there is or how many there are of something that you can quantify
the distance between the rails of a railway or between the wheels of a train	the act or process of assigning numbers to phenomena according to a rule
the thickness of wire	any maneuver made as part of progress toward a goal
diameter of a tube or gun barrel	measuring instrument having a sequence of marks at regular intervals; used as a reference in making measurements
accepted or approved instance or example of a quantity or quality against which others are judged or measured or compared	a container of some standard capacity that is used to obtain fixed amounts of a substance
	musical notation for a repeating pattern of musical beats
	(prosody) the accent in a metrical foot of verse
	a statute in draft before it becomes law
	a basis for comparison; a reference point against which other things can be evaluated

gauge (verb)	measure (verb)
measure precisely and against a standard	express as a number or measure or quantity
adapt to a specified measurement	determine the measurements of something or somebody, take measurements of
mix in specific proportions	evaluate or estimate the nature, quality, ability, extent, or significance of
judge tentatively or form an estimate of (quantities or time)	have certain dimensions
determine the capacity, volume, or contents of by measurement and calculation
rub to a uniform size