esteem vs honor

esteem and honor both are nouns.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
esteem	Yes	No	Yes	No
honor	Yes	No	Yes	No

As nouns, honor is a hypernym of esteem; that is, honor is a word with a broader meaning than esteem:

esteem: the condition of being honored (esteemed or respected or well regarded)
honor: the state of being honored

Other hypernyms of esteem include honour, laurels.

esteem (noun)	honor (noun)
an attitude of admiration or esteem	the quality of being honorable and having a good name
a feeling of delighted approval and liking	a woman's virtue or chastity
the condition of being honored (esteemed or respected or well regarded)	a tangible symbol signifying approval or distinction
	the state of being honored