food color vs coloring

food color and coloring both are nouns.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
food color	Yes	No	No	No
coloring	Yes	No	No	No

As nouns, food color and coloring are synonyms defined as:

food color and coloring: a digestible substance used to give color to food

Other synonyms of food color include colouring, food coloring, food colour, food colouring.

food color (noun)	coloring (noun)
a digestible substance used to give color to food	the act or process of changing the color of something
	a visual attribute of things that results from the light they emit or transmit or reflect
	a digestible substance used to give color to food