food coloring vs food color

food coloring and food color both are nouns.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
food coloring	Yes	No	No	No
food color	Yes	No	No	No

As nouns, food coloring and food color are synonyms defined as:

food coloring and food color: a digestible substance used to give color to food

Other synonyms of food coloring include coloring, colouring, food colour, food colouring.

food coloring (noun)	food color (noun)
a digestible substance used to give color to food	a digestible substance used to give color to food