inpatient vs patient

inpatient and patient both are nouns.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
inpatient	Yes	No	No	No
patient	Yes	Yes	No	No

As nouns, patient is a hypernym of inpatient; that is, patient is a word with a broader meaning than inpatient:

inpatient: a patient who is residing in the hospital where he is being treated
patient: a person who requires medical care

inpatient (noun)	patient (noun)
a patient who is residing in the hospital where he is being treated	the semantic role of an entity that is not the agent but is directly involved in or affected by the happening denoted by the verb in the clause
	a person who requires medical care

inpatient (adjective)	patient (adjective)
	enduring trying circumstances with even temper or characterized by such endurance