lab vs laboratory

lab and laboratory both are nouns.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
lab	Yes	No	No	No
laboratory	Yes	No	No	No

As nouns, lab and laboratory are synonyms defined as:

Other synonyms of lab include research lab, research laboratory, science lab, science laboratory.

lab (noun)	laboratory (noun)
a workplace for the conduct of scientific research	a workplace for the conduct of scientific research
	a region resembling a laboratory inasmuch as it offers opportunities for observation and practice and experimentation