laboratory vs science lab

laboratory and science lab both are nouns.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
laboratory	Yes	No	No	No
science lab	Yes	No	No	No

As nouns, laboratory and science lab are synonyms defined as:

laboratory and science lab: a workplace for the conduct of scientific research

Other synonyms of laboratory include lab, research lab, research laboratory, science laboratory.

laboratory (noun)	science lab (noun)
a workplace for the conduct of scientific research	a workplace for the conduct of scientific research
a region resembling a laboratory inasmuch as it offers opportunities for observation and practice and experimentation