science lab vs research laboratory

science lab and research laboratory both are nouns.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
science lab	Yes	No	No	No
research laboratory	Yes	No	No	No

As nouns, science lab and research laboratory are synonyms defined as:

science lab and research laboratory: a workplace for the conduct of scientific research

Other synonyms of science lab include lab, laboratory, research lab, science laboratory.

science lab (noun)	research laboratory (noun)
a workplace for the conduct of scientific research	a workplace for the conduct of scientific research