penetrate vs progress

penetrate is not a noun while progress is a noun.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
penetrate	No	No	Yes	No
progress	Yes	No	Yes	No

As verbs, progress is a hypernym of penetrate; that is, progress is a word with a broader meaning than penetrate:

Other hypernyms of penetrate include advance, go on, march on, move on, pass on.

penetrate (noun)	progress (noun)
	the act of moving forward (as toward a goal)
	gradual improvement or growth or development
	a movement forward

penetrate (verb)	progress (verb)
come to understand	develop in a positive way
become clear or enter one's consciousness or emotions	form or accumulate steadily
pass into or through, often by overcoming resistance	move forward, also in the metaphorical sense
insert the penis into the vagina or anus of
spread or diffuse through
make one's way deeper into or through
enter a group or organization in order to spy on the members