research lab vs research laboratory

research lab and research laboratory both are nouns.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
research lab	Yes	No	No	No
research laboratory	Yes	No	No	No

As nouns, research lab and research laboratory are synonyms defined as:

research lab and research laboratory: a workplace for the conduct of scientific research

Other synonyms of research lab include lab, laboratory, science lab, science laboratory.

research lab (noun)	research laboratory (noun)
a workplace for the conduct of scientific research	a workplace for the conduct of scientific research