research lab vs science laboratory

research lab and science laboratory both are nouns.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
research lab	Yes	No	No	No
science laboratory	Yes	No	No	No

As nouns, research lab and science laboratory are synonyms defined as:

research lab and science laboratory: a workplace for the conduct of scientific research

Other synonyms of research lab include lab, laboratory, research laboratory, science lab.

research lab (noun)	science laboratory (noun)
a workplace for the conduct of scientific research	a workplace for the conduct of scientific research