science laboratory vs lab

science laboratory and lab both are nouns.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
science laboratory	Yes	No	No	No
lab	Yes	No	No	No

As nouns, science laboratory and lab are synonyms defined as:

science laboratory and lab: a workplace for the conduct of scientific research

Other synonyms of science laboratory include laboratory, research lab, research laboratory, science lab.

science laboratory (noun)	lab (noun)
a workplace for the conduct of scientific research	a workplace for the conduct of scientific research