residue vs component

residue and component both are nouns.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
residue	Yes	No	No	No
component	Yes	No	No	No

As nouns, component is a hypernym of residue; that is, component is a word with a broader meaning than residue:

Other hypernyms of residue include component part, constituent, part, portion.

residue (noun)	component (noun)
something left after other parts have been taken away	an artifact that is one of the individual parts of which a composite entity is made up; especially a part that can be separated from or attached to a system
matter that remains after something has been removed	an abstract part of something
	something determined in relation to something that includes it