lingual artery vs artery

lingual artery and artery both are nouns.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
lingual artery	Yes	No	No	No
artery	Yes	No	No	No

As nouns, artery is a hypernym of lingual artery; that is, artery is a word with a broader meaning than lingual artery:

lingual artery: an artery originating from the external carotid artery and supplying the under side of the tongue
artery: a blood vessel that carries blood from the heart to the body

Other hypernyms of lingual artery include arteria, arterial blood vessel.

lingual artery (noun)	artery (noun)
an artery originating from the external carotid artery and supplying the under side of the tongue	a major thoroughfare that bears important traffic
	a blood vessel that carries blood from the heart to the body